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The two major eating disorders are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia involves a person starving themselves to keep weight off, sometimes this includes excessive amounts of exercise. Anorexics try to keep the weight off in this manner. When a person has bulimia, they binge and then they purge (vomit).
Anorexia was described in 17th century England, but it was not seen as an illness at that time but more of a peculiarity. In the 1870's, a professor by the name of Ernest Lasegue first identified anorexia as an illness while studying the case of a woman called Catherine of Siena. She ate only herbs and would sometimes use a twig to make herself throw up.
It took a long time for anorexia to be made public. The first public talk of it began in the 1970's, but even then it was seen as a youthful trend of non-eating and not as the deadly disease it is known to be today. At the end of the 1970's, a book called "The Golden Cage" described dozens of cases of anorexia in young women. The author, psychologist Hilde Bruch, claimed then that anorexia was becoming a huge problem in universities.
Research done in the 70's showed anorexia as a societal illness, meaning people who have the disorder have been influenced by society in such a way that they feel they have to starve to be thin. They reflect the culture in which we live.
In the last 40 years, anorexia nervosa has been closely studied in the United States and Great Britain. People know much more about both anorexia and bulimia.
There is evidence to show that many people in ancient Greece "practiced" bulimia. Two well known Roman emperors- Vitellius and Claudius are now known to have been bulimic. The evidence for it comes from old Roman books. Bulimia is also described in ancients texts from Arabia and Greece.
In the latter part of the 20th century, bulimia first became known as an eating disorder. It was seen as a problem affecting college-age females.
Since then, bulimia has become an even bigger problem than anorexia.
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